Ginger is an exotic plant from South Asia. The rich chemical composition and useful properties brought him popularity. This is a decorative pot, medicine and spice. Root crops can be grown in open ground, but only in the southern regions with warm and long summers. By the way ginger blooms, it resembles bamboo with buds.
Ginger - what kind of plant does it look like
Ginger is a perennial herb. The color of the cultivated variety depends on the variety. It has a woody aroma and a burning, pungent taste. There are two types of root crops: black, not subjected to processing and white, which is cleaned from the top layer.
Useful spice on the windowsill
Ginger: how does it grow and where? Now the plant is rarely found in the natural environment. The main place of growth of burning roots is China and India. For industrial purposes, the spice is grown in Brazil, Australia and other countries with a tropical climate.
Note! In Russia, you can sprout ginger flowers as an ornamental plant or an annual crop on a site near the house.
Useful properties of the root
Ginger has an expectorant, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antimicrobial, diaphoretic effect. It is used for colds, diseases of the respiratory, musculoskeletal and reproductive systems. A mild laxative and choleretic effect allows you to cope with the problems of the digestive tract. The plant lowers blood sugar, stimulates blood flow, and cleanses blood vessels of cholesterol plaques. Essential ginger oil improves mood, removes symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.
Despite the large list of useful properties, culture has several limitations. Spice is prohibited for people with digestive tract diseases (colitis, stomach ulcer). It is not recommended to use the root during the period of breastfeeding and bearing a child. The drug product can prevent the development of many diseases and improve overall well-being.
Choosing a Tuber for Breeding
Ginger Planting Preparation
Before you grow ginger at home, you need to know all the stages of the process. The most favorable time for planting is February-March. Subject to the requirements for lighting and temperature, ginger can be planted in any season. Before placing the flowerpot in the house, it is worth remembering that Asia is the birthplace of culture. It should be a sunny and warm place, in the heat they take ginger to a balcony or a veranda.
How to choose a root for planting
For growing, take the plant only in fresh form. You can also find ginger seeds for sale, but this is a long and costly method. The root should be dense with vegetative buds and a thin skin. Ginger with exposed fibers, a dry and withered surface is not suitable for planting. The buds resemble potato sprouts.
Disinfection
Products in the store are often processed with a special mixture so that they cannot germinate and to maintain integrity during transportation. Thoroughly wash off this layer or leave ginger for a day in water. Antiseptic drugs are no less effective: baking soda, phytosporin and potassium permanganate. Take 1 tsp. To a glass of water. any means and washed with a mixture of root.
Preparation of soil and pot
Before planting ginger, you need to choose the right capacity and soil. It is unpretentious, but requires a special substrate. It is recommended to independently prepare the soil from deciduous humus, sand and humus, which will fill the root with all useful components.
Self-spice planting in the country
May bloom in a small container. If you plan to grow ginger to grow the root system, then it is better to choose a wide, but not deep pot.
Important! When planting ginger in the ground, one should not forget about drainage and the presence of holes in the bottom to drain excess fluid.
Growing ginger at home from root tubers
Planting stock after disinfection is placed in the ground, and the first dynamics of the plant will be noticeable after 2 months. At this time, gardeners begin to suspect that they will not be able to grow a tree. To accelerate growth, you should awaken the buds before planting. This process lasts from 3 days to 2 weeks. Where does ginger grow? There are two methods for germinating sprouts - in water and raw moss.
In raw moss
The bottom of a high capacity is lined with moss, the roots of the plant are laid on top of it with the buds up. How to plant burning ginger in raw moss? Gardeners recommend putting a thin layer of sphagnum on top of the ginger and pour it over with slightly warmed water. The container should be located on the windowsill, close to the heater or battery. Heat will allow you to quickly awaken the kidneys of spices.
In water
It is worthwhile to deal with the landing in the water. The roots need to be planted on wooden sticks, suspended above a container of water so that the lower part of the rhizome is in the water. Regularly monitor the liquid level in the tank. After the appearance of the shoots, the root system is cut into pieces so that in each of them there are 2 or 3 swollen buds. Sections from where the kidneys were removed are treated with charcoal.
The formed sprouts are divided into several parts, resembling the division of potatoes before planting. On each part there should be at least a couple, and preferably 3 germinated buds. All sections are lubricated with ash or coal.
How to care for a plant at home
Ginger is a tropical culture that requires a lot of diffused light. Direct sunlight causes a burn of leaves, so it is better to choose a place on the east or west side.
Illumination and temperature
When placing the pot on the south windowsill, the window is shaded with a curtain. The optimal temperature regime is 25-30 ℃ above zero, but in winter 18-20 ойдет is also suitable. When the temperature drops below +15 ℃, the plant hibernates and watering is stopped during this period.
Important! Sudden jumps in temperature are detrimental to ginger sprouts.
Watering rules and humidity
The plant requires moist soil, but without stagnation of water, so as not to provoke rotting of the roots. Dry soil is also unacceptable especially in the first stages after planting the root system. Yellowed leaves indicate waterlogging, while fallen and shriveled ones warn of a lack of water.
High humidity should be constantly maintained, especially during the cold season, when the heaters are operating. The foliage must be irrigated daily with a spray gun.
Fertilizer and fertilizer
Nutrients are added when the first sprouts appear. Between dressings should take 2 weeks. Organic fertilizers, complexes with minerals, water with mullein (10: 1) are suitable as fertilizers. The plant is not fed in winter and late autumn.
Do you need pruning
The procedure depends on the purpose of growing ginger. Pruning is not necessary if it is intended for beauty. For cooking and medicine, it is better to cut the branches to stimulate root growth, rather than the upper stems.
Beautiful flowering tropical culture
When ginger blooms
The plant blooms in the second year under natural conditions or in the third year in greenhouses in compliance with the climatic regime. One or many flowers may appear, depending on the variety. Color is from yellow to pronounced scarlet.
Harvest Features
10 days before harvesting, it is necessary to stop hydration so that the plant dries and bends to the soil. The bush is taken out together with a lump of earth, the soil is slightly shaken off the rhizome. Then the planting root is removed, the stems are cut and washed with tubers of water. Ginger can immediately be eaten or prepared for storage while maintaining meatiness, elasticity and moisture.
Ginger cultivation in the open ground in the country
Under natural conditions, the plant is perennial, reaches up to 2 m in height, blooms for 2-3 years. Vegetation time from 8 to 9 months. The optimum temperature is 24-26 ℃. Seedlings are planted in the soil when the frost completely leaves. The temperature in the garden should not be lower than 18 ℃. Shelter of the plant is necessary in the cold at night.
Before planting a ginger tree, seedlings should be tempered, the sprouts of which reach 10-15 cm. Tanks with seedlings are first taken outside for 1.5 hours in the shade, then for 5-6 hours and then for a day. Before planting, all sprouts are removed from the root parts, leaving only one at a time.
Additional Information! Slices are treated with charcoal. A bed with a width of about 80 cm is chosen in a lighted area without drafts. Plants are carefully removed from the tank, planted in two rows at a distance of 35 cm and 25 cm between the bushes.
When the spice grows to 20 cm, hilling is necessary. It is repeated after 10 days. To protect ginger, a canopy is formed, moistened with warm water and fertilized with a mullein solution. 2 months before harvesting, fertilizing with potassium is added. Cleaning is carried out at the end of summer with partially yellowed foliage. 10 days before the excavation, watering is stopped, and the roots removed from the soil are cleaned and dried.
When choosing a place for planting spices, choose a well-lit area, but without direct sunlight in the afternoon. Cover the plant for this time. There should not be a strong gusty wind, ideally - the absence of drafts. In a cold climate zone, ginger is best planted in a greenhouse.
Additional Information! The plant requires special soil. It should consist of sand, turf land and humus in the ratio 1: 1: 2. Some gardeners claim that just loose soil is enough for ginger. Do not forget about drainage under the spice in the form of fine gravel.
Ginger seed propagation
It’s hard to find purchased plant seeds. Most often, beginner gardeners are looking for them. After purchase, they are placed in light soil without deepening. The container is covered with glass or a transparent bag, creating the effect of a greenhouse. Every day they air and irrigate. After a couple of days, the first shoots appear. In the presence of at least one leaf, ginger is planted in different pots. In the first year they create high humidity, temperature and ambient light. After 3 years, the plant is dug up and the root is divided.
Hot and fragrant tuber
Growing problems, diseases and pests
Ginger is considered a culture that is resistant to parasites and various diseases. When growing plants, you can encounter such a pest as a spider mite. They recognize him by specks on the yellow foliage and pallor of the stems. To make the web more visible, it is recommended to irrigate the crop.
How to get rid of a spider mite:
- The plant should receive a lot of moisture and humidification. The problem often arises from the lack of drainage. Foliage should be washed periodically with water under the shower, wrapping the root system and flowerpot with a plastic bag.
- The most effective pest control method is the use of insecticides. It is required to process the culture once a week. The sticks that are placed in the flowerpot do not act against the tick.
Important! If the spice is eaten, it is better not to use insecticides, but simply rub the leaves with alcohol.
Ginger helps to cope with a cold, gives a special taste to food, and its oil improves skin condition. A universal product is purchased in the store, but landing alone guarantees its high quality and environmental friendliness. Before growing, you need to know the rules for choosing the root and care, methods of reproduction, how ginger grows, flowering time and what problems you may encounter.
