Anthurium is one of the most popular tropical plants decorating home greenhouses and conservatories. The inflorescences of the plant look very bright and have an elegant shape, which is why the culture is often called the "fiery tongue" or "flamingo flower."
How to breed anthurium, you should know everyone who is engaged in breeding an exotic handsome.
Propagation and rooting
The genus Anthurium belongs to the Aroid family and includes approximately 900 species. The main places of culture are considered South, Central America and the islands of the Caribbean. Wild plants can grow leaves one meter long. At home, the size will be more modest.
Reproduction of anthurium occurs:
- The seeds
- Cuttings
- Leaf
- By dividing the bush.
This process must be carried out carefully, without rush. Otherwise, young shoots can quickly wither away. The flower is quite capricious in care, therefore, it requires special attention.
How to plant a plant with a shoot with a root
How can I plant an anthurium process with a root? This procedure should be performed only at the time of transplantation, in April - August. The root system of the mother plant and the "children" should be bare.
In the spring and summer, vegetative processes are easier, the plant itself develops easily and actively, the air temperature is high and contributes to better survival.
Before planting the shoots, prepare the soil (turf ground - humus and perlite 1: 3: 1 parts) and a pot (should not be too spacious).
Shoots with root
Step-by-step process:
- The plant is carefully removed from the old pot.
- An earth ball is soaked in water for 5-10 minutes and is separated from the roots.
- Cut off with a sharp knife from the mother plant is only the lateral processes.
- The slice is sprinkled with activated charcoal or cinnamon.
- The mother flower is planted in a pot, the void is filled with soil, the shoot must be planted in a separate container, without burying the growth point in the soil. Caring for it is the same as for an adult plant.
Important! The roots of the culture are very fragile, therefore they are easily injured, and often they can be completely destroyed. You should never try to pull out a shoot with roots - the rhizomes will come off for sure, you will have to go through a long stage of rooting of young shoots without roots. In this case, the plant takes root for a long time and reluctantly.
How does the process of planting without roots occur?
It happens that the shoot was separated from the mother plant unsuccessfully, the roots broke off, became weak or badly damaged.
Before planting such processes in a separate pot, they should be tried to root in moist moss, perlite or sand.
Important! A prerequisite for rooting is to place the plant in a mini-greenhouse. In order for the shoot to take root, and the root system to develop well, high temperature and humidity are necessary. Options can be a plastic bag, where the process is placed in a container, as well as a plastic container with a tight-fitting lid that was used for food purposes, or just a cut bottle.
Every day, the lid of the greenhouse should be opened for ventilation so that the plant does not rot. When the roots appear, the greenhouse is removed, and the processes are planted in a pot.
Sprouts without root
Seed cultivation
Anthurium from seeds can be grown both after the purchase of planting material, and with self-pollination of an adult plant. This process is very painstaking and, as a rule, ineffective. Florists use it very rarely, since the seeds germinate quite poorly, varietal characters can be lost greatly.
Note! If seeds are bought to order, you should always look at the date of packaging and collection. 3-4 months after harvest, the seed loses its germination capacity. Now popular seeds to order from China are not in active demand and often have negative reviews, due to a poor-quality product.
The sowing process is as follows:
- Seeds are soaked for 15 minutes in a solution of 1% potassium permanganate, then laid out on a napkin or paper to remove excess moisture.
- Then they are evenly distributed over the surface of moist soil, sprinkled on top of the same soil.
- The ground layer above the seeds should be no more than 3 mm thick.
- The container where the seeds were laid out is closed with a film or a lid. It is imperative to provide access to the lower heating, diffused bright light and air temperature +25 degrees.
- Open the greenhouse for 5-7 minutes daily for ventilation.
Anthurium Seeds
The best seeds of anthurium for growing are freshly picked. They, as a rule, emerge quickly and almost everything that has been planted.
Seeds
It is recommended to plant them not in large containers, since development and growth will go slower this way. Also, the soil should be well drained, which will contribute to the rapid germination of sprouts. The first of them appear already 2 weeks after planting.
Leaf propagation
How to propagate anthurium with a leaf - cut a large leaf from an adult plant with good veins and petiole length from 3 to 5 cm. All types of culture can be easily applied to the leaf propagation method, and it takes a little effort and time.
Anthurium from a leaf
A vertical tube is made of a leaf and placed with a stalk in well-moistened soil (a mixture of sand and peat, equal proportions). Above the surface, as a rule, one third of the sheet is left, which is closed by a glass jar.
Such a greenhouse, made by yourself, is placed in a fairly bright place. It is worthwhile to ensure that direct sunlight does not fall on it - through the glass of the can they can cause severe burns to the fragile petiole. Every day it is necessary to ventilate the soil and the plant, irrigate with a spray gun, until a young sprout appears from the leaf tube. This will mean that rooting has happened, the plant can be transferred to the general regimen in care. The jar can be removed, the young stalk transplanted into another container with a pre-prepared substrate.
Additional Information. The roots can be grown by placing a leaf with a stalk in the water. How can anthurium be rooted in this form: a leaf is placed in water, a root growth stimulant is diluted in it. No more than 4-5 cm of the sheet is placed in the liquid. Flowering culture will begin a year later.
Propagation by cuttings
How to propagate using an anthurium cuttings at home - take a small part of the shoot, which was cut from the green part of the plant.
Cuttings
Cutting is carried out in three ways:
- Using a sheet (the method described above);
- Apical - the tip of an adult shoot;
- Aerial root - the stem has aerial roots.
The most effective of these species is considered an airborne method. ABOUTn consists of the following:
- In an adult and necessarily healthy plant, a strong shoot is cut off with internodes and at least two leaves. Leaves break off and petioles remain.
Note! To do this, it is necessary that subsequently all the forces of the young shoot go not to nutrition of the green mass, but specifically to the development of the root system and its rooting.
- The cuttings are planted in a substrate (sand and peat, equal proportions). Only aerial roots should be in the ground, the growth point is above the surface.
- The plant must be abundantly sprayed from the spray bottle and covered with a bag or a glass jar.
- The greenhouse leaves for a well-lit and warm place. Every day, the soil and shoot are ventilated and sprayed with slightly heated water. This is done for the reason that the plant does not have stress due to temperature changes in the steamed greenhouse and spraying with cold water.
Additional Information. The stalk takes root quickly enough - a new leaf appears in a week. Then the bag or jar can be removed, the plant is transplanted into its own separate pot.
The apical method of reproduction is also considered popular. It looks like this:
- The tip of a strong and strong shoot is cut with a sharp knife, the cut is left to dry for 15 minutes.
Important! The stalk should be exactly 12 cm long and must have 2 leaves.
- Then the shoot is placed in perlite, cleaned in a warm bright place where the air temperature does not drop below +24 degrees.
- Every day it is worth carrying out spraying from a spray bottle.
With this method, the roots begin to appear after three weeks. It is worth waiting until they become about 3 cm, then the plant can be transplanted into a permanent pot.
Note! Whatever the method of propagation, the sites of cuts on the mother plant must be disinfected. For this purpose, Zelenka, potassium permanganate, cinnamon or crushed activated carbon are suitable.
Reproduction by dividing the bush
As a division of the bush, you can propagate the anthurium - divide the mother bush and plant seedlings in mid-spring, when the plant already has 3-4 years.
Bush dividing process
The step-by-step process looks like this:
- Half an hour before the start of the division, the mother bush is abundantly watered.
- Then it is gently pulled out of the pot, slightly shaken, excess earth removed, the roots neatly untangled.
Additional Information. If, during unraveling, some roots are damaged, then the wounds should be immediately sprinkled with activated charcoal or cinnamon. Rotten or damaged root processes must be removed, leaving only viable and healthy.
- The division must be carried out so that on each part there is a growth point and at least one leaf.
- Before starting the procedure of rooting the shoots, they are left for an hour in the fresh air so that the rhizomes are slightly dried.
- The shoots are planted so that the roots are at a level of depth in the ground at which they were in the old pot.
- If necessary, support it should be stuck in advance, even before planting a flower. As a rule, especially high shoots need it.
- For two to three months, the newly planted flowers should be sprayed with special solutions of Epin, Kornevin, or Heteroauxin.
It is worth paying attention to the further care of the anthurium, it needs special, close to tropical conditions:
- Humidity is high.
- The air temperature is not lower than 24 degrees, in autumn and winter, while the plant is at rest, a decrease to 18-20 degrees is allowed, but not lower.
- In no case should there be drafts.
- Watering is not frequent, but plentiful. During the growing season - 1 time in 3 days, in winter - 1 time per week. Water should be soft, settled and heated to 25 degrees.
Important! You can’t leave water in the pan - so the roots of the culture will get sick with fungal diseases or will be covered with mold.
- Top dressing is introduced in the fall and spring with the help of mineral complex or organic fertilizers.
- Transplantation is done to young bushes annually, to older ones - once every 2-3 years is enough.
Anthurium reproduction at home is not difficult even for a beginner grower. You must adhere to all the rules, and an amazing flower will delight you with colorful blooms, protect the house and family, as the legend says, to return strength and endurance to men, and to charge women with positive energy.
