SPRING WORK IN THE COUNTRY AND IN THE GARDEN: NECESSARY ACTIVITIES

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In March, the echoes of the February snowstorms are still heard, and caring summer residents have already rushed to their suburban areas to put them in order for the upcoming season. It would seem that what can be done in the garden in early spring, when the earth has not warmed up enough, and in the ditches there is snow at all? In fact, spring work in the country includes an extensive range of measures for cleaning the territory, caring for trees, preparing the soil for planting.

Garden cleaning after winter

First of all, it is necessary to remove from the garden everything that served as protection against winter frosts. Covering material or special constructions need to be cleaned, washed, dried and cleaned in the utility room until the autumn cold. From the beds, flower beds and garden territory, the rubbish remaining from autumn should be removed: windbreak, old branches, fallen leaves, dead grass. Even if harvesting takes place in the fall, some debris accumulates again by spring.

It is possible that with the first rays of the sun the enemies of cultivated plants, weeds, also came to the fore. While the roots are weak, the sprouts can be easily removed from wet soil. In the heat, moss begins to grow, in moist places - algae. Short shoots can be easily removed with a stiff brush, and a path made of natural stone or brick with the first foci of young moss can be washed with a strong stream of water from a garden hose. Any activities with water should be carried out at a positive temperature, otherwise the cottage yard will turn into a skating rink.

Containers, flowerpots and flower pots also need to be cleaned, restored to their integrity if cracks appear, and treated with herbicides. From the containers that served as a wintering place for perennial flowers, you should get the old soil and replace it with fresh, and thoroughly dry the tubers and rhizomes of plants.

It will also be useful to review the complex of garden works that must be carried out in March: //diz-cafe.com/ozelenenie/raboty-v-marte-v-sadu.html

Early spring is a good time to repair polycarbonate greenhouses that could be damaged in the winter by snow drifts

Mulching and fertilizing the soil

Mulching is carried out in flower beds, in the garden and in the garden. A thick layer of mulch creates comfortable conditions for plants, warming their roots in the cold and protecting from the scorching rays of the sun in the heat. It perfectly retains moisture, eliminates the appearance of weeds, protects against dangerous insects. Many cultivated plants (strawberries, cucumbers, squash, pumpkin) are less susceptible to decay and increase yield on mulched soil. We should not forget about the decorative effect: the mulched soil looks well-groomed and neat.

When biological fertilizer - manure is added to the mulch (for example, bark or sawdust), it is imperative to check the degree of its overriding. Not fully oxidized substance can kill plants

Material for making mulch:

sawdust;
compost;
bark;
wood chips;
straw;
rotted leaves;
covering fabric.

Also, mulch can carry a decorative function, read about it: //diz-cafe.com/dekor/dekorativnaya-shhepa.html

In March or April, soil is fertilized, even if it is considered saturated and rich. Fertilized soil provides fast growth and high decorative qualities of flowers and herbs, a rich harvest of vegetable crops and fruit trees. Potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen, which are part of the complex universal fertilizers Nitroammofoska, Azofoska, are especially valued. Small granules are mixed with water or simply scattered on beds with melting snow in strictly limited proportions indicated on the package. Read more in the article "How to fertilize the garden in spring: tips for choosing high-quality fertilizers."

Fruit tree care

Simple garden work to care for shrubs and trees rejuvenate them, increase yield and improve the appearance of plants.

Pruning branches and shoots

When the air temperature crossed the 0 ° C mark, it became positive, but still low, it is necessary to prune fruit stone trees and berry bushes. As a result of pruning, the crown of the tree should take a cup shape with an open center, which provides perfect illumination of each branch and excellent air access. Thinning of the crown and shortening of branches are appropriate at a time when there are no flowers, leaves or even swollen buds on the trees. Together with the shoots, the trunk is also shortened.

Planting fruit seedlings

With the first rays of the sun, immediately after the snow melts, young seedlings should be planted. Planting is carried out while the trees are in a state of rest, sleep, that is, have no buds, otherwise the seedlings will die without having lived even a couple of weeks.

Planting of young fruit trees occurs in the following order:

A shallow hole is dug out, at the bottom of which manure is laid and on top of it is a thin layer of enriched soil.
The roots of the seedling are placed in a prepared hole, gently drip and slightly compact the soil with your feet.
A peg is driven in next to the seedling, which serves as its support for the first time.
Water and make sure that the earth around the roots does not dry out.

See the video for more details:

Vaccination for new varieties

Spring is the most suitable time for grafting trees. With equal success, it is possible to carry out budding (vaccination with a kidney) or copulation (vaccination with a graft). Cutting shoots are the most viable, since the shoots from the grafted kidney hardly survive the winter. The most successful time for grafting grafts is the interval between mid-April and early June. The operation is carried out with a grafting knife or secateurs. One of the main conditions for effectiveness is close contact between stock and scion.

Spring grafting of fruit trees is an excellent opportunity to have many varieties on a summer cottage, planting only a few main trees

More information about tree grafting can be found in the article: "Grafting fruit trees: a comparative overview of the best ways to cross trees."

Processing perennial flower beds

Dividing herbaceous perennials will be more effective if carried out in early spring. Thanks to it, the resource of planting material increases and old plants are renewed, which begin to lose color, weaken and decay. If in time to divide the rhizomes of bells, asters, phloxes, crocosms, then they will begin to grow more actively, and flowering will be longer and more violent. Large bushes are divided into four parts with an ordinary bayonet shovel, laying them on a board. The place of dissection is the gaps between the kidneys. The roots of small plants are separated by a garden knife.

Bright crocosmies after the renewal procedure gain a second life: they should be dug out every 2-3 years, the children should be separated and sent to another place

Spring Lawn Update

In order for the silky grass of the lawn to please the eye throughout the summer, from early spring it is necessary to carry out a whole range of activities, the main of which are:

top dressing;
combing out;
aeration
weeding.

Sowing and roll lawns respond equally well to early fertilizing with nitrogen fertilizers, which should be applied immediately after snow melt. Nitrogen in combination with phosphorus and potassium gives the growing weed strength, so top dressing can be carried out before the appearance of the first sprouts. One suitable fertilizer is Kimera.

The next step is aeration and combing. Over the winter, a lot of garbage and vegetable felt accumulated, which impedes free growth and lighting. The most suitable tool for combing the lawn is an electric calculator that carefully collects felt. So that dense soil does not become an obstacle to the air needed by the roots, an aerator or ordinary pitchfork is used, methodically piercing the soil with them. Toward the end of spring, weeding should be done. With a small amount of weeds, a rather manual method is sufficient, otherwise chemical weeding with herbicides is used.

You can learn more about the lawn care technology from the material: //diz-cafe.com/ozelenenie/uxod-za-gazonom.html

For uniform and dosed fertilizing on the lawn, there are many devices, one of which is a convenient trolley on two wheels

If the lawn is small in size, then for the combing procedure, you can use the usual garden rake, and for aeration - forks

Methods of planting vegetables

If the climate allows, then many vegetables are planted directly in the open ground. There are several methods of landing, which depend on the location:

in the trench;
on raised ridges;
on the embankments;
on level ridges;
into containers.

If the soil is light, sandy, warms up quickly, but does not retain moisture well, it is better to use the trench method. Clay soils are also easily warmed up, and also retain moisture well, so raised ridges are traditionally used for them. Several layers of manure, earth and compost, laid according to a special pattern, form bulk ridges, which are called the "smart garden". Ordinary flat ridges are used in greenhouses, and containers where there is not enough free space for planting.

It will also be useful material on how to make beautiful beds in your garden: //diz-cafe.com/ozelenenie/krasivye-gryadki-na-ogorode.html

Raised ridges are used for planting vegetables and flowers. Their distinctive feature is a border made of wooden boards or ceramic tiles

Pest control

Unfortunately, with the onset of heat, harmful insects are activated, capable of nullifying all the efforts of hardworking summer residents. Many of them attack fruit trees and shrubs. It is necessary to carefully examine all the branches and pay attention to the bonded dry leaves. Perhaps these are nests of a goldfish or hawthorn. They must be assembled by hand and burned.

Weevils are killed by cold days when they become numb and stop moving. A film is placed under the tree, then the branches are shaken. Fallen insects are burned. From moths and leafworms, infusion of mustard or wood ash is used. Thorns are afraid of the infusion of garlic with tobacco.