Many flower crops are on sale, but chrysanthemums stand out. Sometimes it happens that the purchased plant at home fades and begins to wither. In order not to ruin the flower, it is useful to navigate how a chrysanthemum grows in a pot care at home.
Indoor Chrysanthemums
For growing at home, indoor chrysanthemum is suitable. For an apartment, it’s just a short compact flower.
Chrysanthemum - decoration for home interior
The following types for home growing are popular among flower growers:
- Chinese chrysanthemums. Distinctive features of the bush - 30 cm shoots, a specific aroma of foliage, double flowers. Cultivation will open up great opportunities for landscape design.
- Shrub Chrysanthemum. Suitable for decor of large rooms. The height of the bushes reaches 1 m. They have upright branched shoots, dissected leaves, flowers are collected in large baskets.
- Indian chrysanthemums. Feel great like potted chrysanthemums, do not lose their decorativeness, despite the dry air in the room. They belong to the distant ancestors of small-flowered chrysanthemum hybrids.
- Korean chrysanthemums. Often grown with spherical flower crops.
Indian chrysanthemums in a greenhouse
Additional Information. Chrysanthemum Crystal is in special demand among florists. This is a great decor for the interior. The plant secrete large flowers of a white tone. Mix refers to varieties of autumn perennial culture. This is a wonderful decoration for home, loggia, terrace, flower garden.
Chrysanthemum care after purchase
Before purchasing a plant in a store, it must be carefully examined. Choose a strong healthy bush, with rich green foliage without spots. Preferable flower with buds for long flowering at home. Carefully inspect the leaflets for the presence of harmful insects. Beginners are interested in how to care for chrysanthemum.
Culture in the new conditions will need adaptation. The bush is placed in a lighted place where direct sunlight does not fall. If necessary, water the plant.
Important! The dropping or drying of the buds on a recently purchased plant says that the chrysanthemum is adapting to a new environment.
After 14 days, after the adaptation of the flower, he needs a transplant into a fresh substrate.
Transplanting blooming home chrysanthemums will have to be postponed until flowering is complete.
Transplanting plants into a pot
Recently acquired chrysanthemum is transplanted after at least 2 weeks, then young crops - annually, adult plants - once every 3 years.
Flower transplant
It is preferable to transplant the flower in the spring. But when the bush grows over the summer season, it is better to plant it in the fall.
To transplant chrysanthemum, you will need:
- a pot that exceeds the previous capacity in diameter, as well as 2-3 cm in length;
- neutral soil (acidic soil is not suitable);
- drainage.
The mixture is bought in a store or prepared independently.
Mix components such as:
- garden land and turf - 4 parts each;
- humus and sand - 1 part each.
On a note. Before planting the plant, the soil is disinfected using a solution of potassium permanganate or steep var.
First, a drainage layer is laid at the bottom of the pot, then a nutrient mixture.
To successfully transplant the culture and avoid stress, they transfer the chrysanthemum from utensils to utensils:
- hydration is carried out the day before transplantation;
- removed from the pot with an earthen lump;
- placed in a pot on a soil layer;
- the earth is strewed around and over the roots.
The plant is watered and put in a shaded place for a couple of days. The transshipment method is also suitable for flowering crops.
Experienced flower growers recommend adding a little bird droppings to the soil in the spring when planting room chrysanthemum. The bush will thank many flowers in the summer.
Watering and humidity
Watered chrysanthemum with care. The flower is demanding on moisture. Excess moisture provokes rotting of the root system or infection with a fungus.
In this situation, drainage will help: a hole is provided in the flowerpot, expanded clay or moss is placed below. Drainage layer - the best solution to remove excess moisture from the tank.
Watering the plants is carried out a maximum of 2 times a week. They monitor the state of the earth coma, prevent drying out.
Watering plants with warm water
Do not use ordinary tap water for irrigation. A pass through the filter and settling for 1-2 days will be required. Cold water is not used to avoid phyto-diseases.
For a flower, increased humidity is preferable. Spraying the leaves protects the chrysanthemum from dehydration. Frequent spraying recommended: 1-2 times daily.
On a note. In the absence of a spray gun, they put a jar of water near a flower pot.
Lighting, temperature
To bloom profusely, chrysanthemums have enough short daylight hours. During active growth and flowering, they need a sunny location, where they do not suffer from midday rays and are not shaded by plants in the neighborhood.
In winter, plants are kept in dark rooms, with the exception of individuals that continue to bloom. They are transferred to bright rooms.
If chrysanthemums grow at home, leaving involves observing the temperature regime. Heat and direct sunlight adversely affect flowers. For prolonged flowering of chrysanthemum, the optimum temperature is +15 ° C, for normal growth - in the range of +18 ° C.
For your information. If the plant has dried buds, the cause is an increased temperature.
Lush flowering dressing
At home, caring for chrysanthemums involves feeding fertilizers. A flower in a flowerpot quickly picks up nutrients from the soil. The regularity of top dressing for full development and active flowering is appreciated. They use mineral fertilizers. It is just right that the monophosphate potassium solution, its deficiency is responsible for why chrysanthemums bloom late.
They are fed with other multicomponent additives that contain:
- potassium;
- nitrogen;
- phosphorus.
Chrysanthemum fertilizer
During the growing season, adults are fertilized with liquid organics every 10 days. When growing plants in poor soil, feeding with mullein in a ratio of 1 to 10 is applied every 4 days. Do it before flowering. The removal of the heavy smell of top dressing in the room will take the plant to the balcony in a shaded place for 1-2 days.
Trimming and shaping a bush
Chrysanthemum is pruned annually. Manipulation is performed when the plant fades. During dormancy, in winter, a flower is placed in the cellar. With the advent of spring, culture launches new shoots, so a transplant is appropriate. For adults, the procedure is optional.
For the splendor and beauty of the bush, yellowed or dried leaves and flowers are torn off. Pruning and pinching of the shoots are necessary, which will ensure the growth of the culture in width, and not stretching.
Tip. For tall chrysanthemums, supports are needed to avoid breaking off fragile branches.
For winter time, perennials are pruned before being sheltered. The flower is shortened, leaving 10 cm of hemp.
The main problems when growing plants
Why leaves turn yellow
Yellowed foliage does not adorn the bush, signals a problem.
If the leaves of the flower turn yellow in a flowerpot, the following may be attributed to possible reasons:
- Poor drainage. Dense soil is an obstacle to moisture to the roots.
- Close capacity. Culture lacks nutrients.
- Diseases - septoria and rust, which are fought with copper chloride and Fundazol.
Chrysanthemum disease
Important! When the leaves of the plant in the garden are yellow, it is advisable to examine the chrysanthemum. Perhaps she needs a change to a higher bed or a change in the watering regime.
Aphid and spider mite
When pests appear, flower growers eliminate them by folk methods:
- treated with garlic or onion broth;
- manually cleaned with soapy water;
- they pollinate the ground near the crop with tobacco.
Resist insecticides with harmful insects.
Appropriate application:
- Fitoverm and Decis;
- Derris and Actellika;
- Mospilan and Confidor.
Repeated processing of the bushes after 5 days, if the plants are severely damaged.
If chrysanthemum is damaged by a tick, urgent measures are taken:
- Remove by irrigation with a stream of water.
- A soap-copper solution is used, which is prepared from 10 liters of water with the addition of green soap (200 g) and copper sulfate (20 g).
- Efficiency is typical for insecticides: Akarin, Fufanon, Bazudin, Kleschevit.
Fungal Chrysanthemum Disease
Gray rot
Fungal diseases cause:
- poor air exchange;
- increased acidity of the soil;
- excess nitrogen in the soil;
- heat.
The manifestation of the disease is spotting on the lower sheets, which are distinguished by a yellow color, after which they turn into brown and black, increasing in size.
It will take cutting and destruction of infected leaves. Prevention provides for regular cleaning and destruction of plant debris in the summer cottage. With the spread of infection, fungicides are used.
Rust
Symptoms of the disease - pale areas on the leaf surface, powdery red-orange blotches on the underside of the leaf.
Fight with rust as follows:
- Infected foliage is removed.
- Thinning bush plantations to provide ventilation.
- Do not allow water to enter chrysanthemum when watering.
Rust on a flower
Also, plants resort to fungicides in order to save, if phyto-disease is gaining momentum.
Fusarium
Yellowed and brown leaves are signs of infection. Affected cultures lag behind in development and often do not bloom. The fungus that penetrates the flower from the soil through the root system inhibits the flow of water into plant tissues.
In confronting the disease, they will help:
- removal of affected parts of crops;
- planting resistant to wilting varieties;
- in the presence of Fusarium fungus, it is desirable to increase the pH of the soil, which is 6.5-7.0.
Powdery mildew
The disease is characterized by the coating of leaf plates with gray-ash powdery coating. Fungal spores like a humid atmosphere - this is a necessary condition for reproduction.
In the battle against infection use:
- elimination of infected flower material;
- fungicides.
On a note. The fungus is successfully resisted by copper chloroxide, Fundazole, Bordeaux mixture, colloidal sulfur (1%).
Propagation of potted chrysanthemums
Chrysanthemums multiply:
- The seeds. They are characterized by good germination, prolonged waiting for flowering.
- By dividing the bushes. Reproduction is performed with the onset of the spring season or after flowering.
- Cuttings. A suitable time to plant shoots is summer, spring. Rooting of 10 cm apical cuttings occurs in water or in moist soil. It will be necessary to land 2-3 individuals in a tank. When rooting in the ground, the process is covered with a bag or glassware. Daily check the humidity of the earth and ventilate the planting material. Restoring the elasticity of the foliage indicates the engraftment of the cuttings and the need to remove the shelter. To stimulate the growth of shoots, pinching the top of the plant is carried out.
Cuttings - the main method of reproduction
If you cultivate chrysanthemums in pots, how to care at home, the advice of gardeners will help. Compliance with the rules will give joy and pleasure from the beauty of the flower.
